Thursday, May 17, 2007

Spyware and you

Keeping an eye on children who surf the Internet has always been a challenge for parents and teachers as savvy kids know how to cover their tracks after visiting forbidden sites.

In response, some software companies have developed products designed to secretly track where a surfer has been and virtually everything a computer has been used to do. These softwares are collectively known as "spyware". Company owners can use it to check on their employees. Married couples could use it to check on their spouse. Parents can use it to see what their children are doing online such as obscene sites and such.

One such product, called eBlaster 3.0 from SpectorSoft (retailing at RM380) claims to record every keystroke a person makes, copy each piece of incoming and outgoing e-mail, log chat room conversations and take down every instant message relayed through Yahoo!, AOL and MSN.

A spy can control the type of information that will be logged. A summary of the log is periodically e-mailed to the spy, even copies of e-mail and so-called secret passwords. Spyware can also be set to prevent the installation of any spyware ActiveX controls from a webpage. It does this while not interfering with "friendly" ActiveX controls- so your browser can work correctly and you can have peace of mind!

You won't get any more annoying "Yes/ No" boxes popping up, asking you to install a spyware ActiveX control (which can increasingly be found in pop-up ads!). In fact, Internet Explorer will never even download or run the spyware ActiveX control!

In addition, decent spyware can prevent many of these spyware ActiveX controls from running, even if they are already installed on your system. The newest SpywareBlaster version can even block spyware/tracking cookies and does not need to be running in the background to provide this protection!

Most spyware does not show in task manager, it occurs as registry keys and dll files so all you see is an extra rundll32.exe entry at best. Usually, it applies itself, as a "plugin extension" to your browser, so it is just plain not listed at all.

Ninety percent of the internet related problems are traceable to poorly written spyware or spyware attempting to access the windows registry or msmoney, quicken, or other memory addresses it does not have permission to access.

With the current vulnerability of drives that install that a good spyware remover and immunizer is as important to smooth operation of the PC as a good antivirus, firewall, and keeping windows updates current.

Spyware doesn't always work properly however, especially when it comes to company firewalls. Another concern is that although the "spy" may be receiving the information, so may be the company who provides the spyware (although there are claims that all information that go through a spyware company's computer is automatically deleted). You should also know that if you receive your spyware reports at work, so is your company. As your employers, they also have the right to check on your incoming e-mails.

Programs like this raise other questions involving trust and privacy issues. Usually a spyware will inform you not to install the software on any computer you do not own lest you want to risk being alienated by the parties you are spying on. If you so choose to notify people, a spyware can be configured to post a warning to the user whenever the computer is turned on. It is doubtful that anyone would want the notification feature unless they have serious suspicion on the parties involved. It is human nature for most people to sneak around and spy on family and friends or employees rather than disclose that they have installed spyware on their computer- an announcement that's almost guaranteed to start a fight.

There is however, a better way of doing things.

If you are concerned about what your children or family members are doing on the Internet, talk to them. Ask what they are doing online. Let your children know what you consider appropriate or inappropriate. Make sure they know when it's safe to give out personal information.

If you have issues with your spouse, don't let it simmer.

For employees, all you have to do is to give them ground rules on what they can or cannot do online during company time.

Software such as spyware should be only be used at last resort. Having someone discover that you've been spying on him or her is a very efficient way of destroying whatever trust remains between you and them in a very fragile relationship. Let that trust be a reservoir of trust that may be crucial to salvaging and maintaining a relationship.

Spam explained

E-mail is widely regarded as the killer application in the whole history of communications. It's fast, easy and relatively cheap. If you ask around, you are bound to find out that most people's first experience with the Internet was sending out their first e-mail. Probe a little deeper and you'll probably find out that getting their first spam or unsolicited e-mail was quite memorable too.

Getting spam is like catching a cold. There are thousands of viruses that cause cold-like symptoms, and there's little chance that a person can build up defenses against all of them. Similarly, it is next to impossible to develop filters that block out all spam and spammers. There is one effective way of eradicating spam- stop using e-mail. However, this is not likely to happen in the near future, so we'll have to live with spam as how everyone has to live with a runny nose now and then.

The act of spamming basically involves flooding an e-mail users inbox with messages they would not have chosen to receive otherwise. Most spam is commercial advertising (often for dubious products), get-rich-quick schemes, getting a university degree or quasi-legal services. Spam lists are usually obtained from Usenet postings, stealing Internet mailing lists or searching the Web for e-mail addresses. It also costs very little for spammers to send out spam as it is usually sent out in bulk or paid for by the recipient or carriers.

As e-mail costs very little to send out, it is considered an ideal tool of advertising by companies. These e-mail marketing activities are described as permission-based because the recipients, or target audience of a particular e-mail marketing campaign have agreed to receive the e-mail concerned. The purpose of e-mail marketing is clear cut says one company; it's used for branding, marketing, and to generate sales. In terms of spam or unsolicited e-mails however, it aims to con some people into paying for something that they doesn't exist such as recent events of a few Malaysians who lost thousands of Ringgit in a Nigerian scam spam that asked millions of e-mail users to help free-up usurped royal coffers in 2002.

How did they get my e-mail address in the first place?

Getting spam upsets a lot of people. How were their e-mail addresses located? It becomes worse when spam comes regularly and in large numbers. It would good to be wary of e-mail's bearing gifts, although not all messages of this sort is unsolicited. Confused?

Well, remember when you signed up for that newsletter, and there were these little boxes with sentences that said 'Please un-tick if you don't want to receive any advertising e-mail'? No? Don't worry- you're not alone.

Most people do not read the terms and conditions and privacy policies properly when they sign up for something online, so technically, the unsolicited e-mails that someone receives isn't necessarily spam. To make sure that the e-mail that you receive is from an ethical marketing company, it will usually address you by name, as personalization is a key feature of such e-mails. If the e-mail addresses you by jenny@yahoo.com, it would be safe to assume that it's spam.

Regardless of method, there is only one way of preventing unwanted - not necessarily unsolicited e-mail. Read everything carefully! The most important thing is permission because permission based e-mail marketers have their reputation at stake.

Is there any law against spam?

At the moment, there is no specific law against spam although there are provisions under the Communications and Multimedia Act 1998 that relates to this. Section 211(1) of the Act states that "no content applications service provider, or other person using a content application service, shall provide content which is indecent, obscene, false, menacing, or offensive in character with intent to annoy, abuse, threaten or harass any person." Spam will be covered under the upcoming Communication and Multimedia Consumer's Forum General Consumer Code of Practice that is expected to be ready this year.

Filtering techniques

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set a filter function in your e-mail account which you can check through regularly (eg: Hotmail's Junk Mail folder, Yahoo!'s Bulk Mail folder) or Block the e-mail completely

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send complaints to your email provider about the spam or junk e-mail's that you are receiving as this might prompt them to take stern action against spammers

pic_dot go through each spam/ unsolicited e-mail and unsubscribe from each one

pic_dot use filter software (beware, as it may block out advertising that you have signed up for)

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read all privacy policies and un-tick boxes that asks whether you want to receive advertising from that company- especially if it says that shares its e-mail database with other advertisers



TOP 10 SPAM MESSAGES IN 2002
Ranking Subject of unsolicited bulk mail Description
1 "Protect Your Computer Against Viruses for $9.95" Anti-virus spam was the most common this year
2 "Verification Department" Credit card scam has been prominent especially in recent months
3 "Refinancing? Get a Free Quote On Any Mortgage Loan Program" Mortgage spam holds its ground this year as a classic
4 "Printer Cartridges- Save Up To 80%- Free Shipping Offer" Printer cartridge spam, also a classic, is still one of the top spam
5 "Miniature Remote Control Car. Great Gift" A newer spam, an e-mail about toy cars for the holidays has hit e-mail accounts at full throttle in recent months
6 "$100 FREE, Please Play Now" Casino spam continued to stake out e-mail inboxes worldwide
7 "Online Auction Marketing Secrets" Online marketing scams bid heavily on e-mail users this year
8 "Important News Kuira" Septic system spam seeped rapidly through the Internet for quite some time in early 2002
9 "URGENT & CONFIDENTIAL" Nigerian scam spam asked millions of e-mail users to help free-up usurped royal coffers this year
10 "GET A FREE PASS TO THOUSANDS OF XXX SITES!" Pornographic e-mail slithered into inboxes, including those of children

Boosting your assets

It is a sad fact for most people that saving all that money in the back does not give the same buzz as spending it on a new pair of shoes or that hand phone you have been eyeing. Many of us feel like there's no point in sorting out our finances until we get higher pay or decide to invest in something such as a car or even a home. However, it's never too late to start taking control of your financial situation. Upping your financial knowledge does not, and will not make your life boring either. On the contrary, it will empower you with confidence and help you make the most out of your hard earned cash.

Budget
Make a list of everything that you earn and everything you spend on. Make sure what's coming covers what's going out with left over for savings. Do not restrict yourself too much or you'll never stick to it- ensure you give yourself enough to spend every month with reason. Software such as Microsoft Money or Quicken can help to get you organized and keep track of everything. Always know how much you spend and avoid unnecessary buys.

Create an emergency fund
Set up an emergency fun account by setting aside some money each month (depending on how much you earn monthly). Setting up this account will enable you to fix that broken fridge or your malfunctioning PC without having to dip into your savings.

Have a dream
Motivate yourself to save by giving yourself a reward once you have saved a certain amount (don't overspend though). Give yourself something to work towards to make it all worthwhile.

Pay yourself first
Make yourself a must-pay expense. When paying your monthly bills, add yourself to your list of creditors & set up an automatic transfer from your current account into your savings account. Soon you won't even miss the money and it will become a pain-free way making sure you save.

Balance the books
Keep receipts from any big purchases along with withdrawal and deposit slips from the bank each month. When you receive your monthly bank statement, check whether everything adds up. This will give you a feel for how much you are spending.

Don't ignore bills
If you can't afford to pay the bills, don't hope they'll go away. Ignoring the bills will cause you extra stress than not being able to pay for it in the first place as well as incurring extra late-payment charges. Call the company that you owe money to work out an installment plan so that that you can pay off your debt in manageable segments.

Don't get held back by debt
There isn't much use in starting to save and invest if you have debts waiting to be paid up. Be brave, sit down and lay out all your debts in front of you. Next, resolve to pay off at least the minimum amount and a chunk extra every month until you are clear. Don't go credit card crazy!

Don't just pay off the minimum each month
Otherwise you'll be effectively throwing money out the window through the interest charges you incur. If you are putting unnecessary items such as clothes and nights out on your card and can't seem to pay it off each month, then you have to face the fact that you are living beyond your means. Try adjusting your spending.

Don't get too comfortable with your account
Make sure you are getting the most out of your bank account. Different people need different things from their bank, so it doesn't mean that you have to bank at a certain place just because someone you know does. Pick up brochures or speak with the counter service personnel on service charges, savings plans, etc to make sure you're getting what you want. If you are very busy or travel a lot, take advantage of phone or Internet banking- it's cheaper & faster!

Don't go to the ATM too often
You are likely to spend more if you constantly run to the ATM. Work out how much you need to spend each day on food, socializing or transport. Then make one visit to the ATM every week. This should make you think twice about spending on unnecessary extras. If you don't have the money, don't spend.

Don't just leave your money in the bank
Don't invest all your savings in one place. Here diversification is the key word. Spreading your savings between several types of investments- fixed income, stocks and shares, mutual funds, cash is the safest way to invest long term. When investing, don't touch your money for at least three to five years- this is the time when you'll start seeing higher returns.

Wise up
When investing in stocks and shares, never just hand over the responsibility to your broker or fund manager. Do some homework and monitor the business that you have invested in, as well as the economy in general so that you know for yourself about what's happening. Read the paper or surf the Internet for a fast and easy way to update yourself.

Don't go overboard with renovations
Don't be too enthusiastic and go overboard with renovations. Spend only 10% or less of your property's value on renovations.

Save a little every day
Make your own breakfast everyday instead of spending that RM3 on roti canai and teh tarik at your office cafeteria. Take a bus home instead of a taxi. What's the incentive? By popping the RM 3 you saved, you'll have over RM 1000 by the end of the year. Think about THAT!

Saving money isn't all that hard. All you have to do is to think about where you want to be and what you want to do in a few years. Will your finances allow you to do so? Review your monetary situation now with the future in mind so that you can afford to anything your heart desires.

EPF Withdrawal to Reduce / Redeem Housing Loan

This withdrawal allows you to withdraw your Account II savings to reduce or redeem the balance of your housing loan taken from a financial institution approved by the EPF for the purchase or construction of a house based on the followings conditions:

  • Individual purchase; or
  • Joint purchase with spouse, family members or other individuals; or
  • Assisting spouse to reduce or redeem balance of housing loan.


Withdrawal Eligibility
You are eligible to apply if you are:

  • A Malaysian citizen; or
  • A Permanent Resident; or
  • A Malaysian citizen who have withdrawn your savings under Leaving The Country Withdrawal before 1 August 1995 but subsequently returned and re-contribute to EPF; or
  • A Non-Malaysian citizen (Expatriate) who became a member of the EPF before 1 August 1998.

You need to have savings in your Account II and you must also have not reached 55 years of age on the date the application is received by the EPF.

However, you are not eligible to withdraw for the purpose of:

  • Renovating, repairing or make extension works to an existing house and for personal use; or
  • Overdraft loan; or
  • Loan taken from individuals.

Amount Eligible to Withdraw
Minimum amount of withdrawal is not less than RM500 and the maximum amount of withdrawal is subject to the balance of savings in Account II or the balance of housing loan, whichever is lower:

TYPE OF WITHDRAWAL

Individual/Assisting Spouse

Joint Withdrawal with Spouse / Family Members / Other Individuals

Total balance of housing loan;

OR

All savings in Account II subject to the

minimum withdrawal amount of not less

than RM500 and total balance of

housing loan.

Total balance of housing loan;

OR

All savings in Account II of all applicants

subject to the minimum withdrawal amount

of not less than RM500 and total balance

of housing loan.

You can choose to determine the amount you wish to withdraw from your savings in Account II, subject to the maximum amount you are entitled to withdrawal by completing "Surat Akujanji Pilihan Amaun Pengeluaran".

Frequency of Withdrawal
Withdrawal application can be made once a year from the date of last housing withdrawal. You must also have minimum RM500 balance in your Account II.

Enquiries
If you have any enquiry or require further information regarding this withdrawal please contact:

  • Any nearest EPF Office
  • EPF Call Management Centre at 03-8732 6000
  • Short Messaging System (SMS) – Type EPF and send to 36373
Please quote your EPF membership number or your Identity Card number and the type of withdrawal that you have applied for when you contact the EPF. You are encouraged to contact the EPF directly for assistance and advice.

EPF Withdrawal to Purchase a House

This withdrawal allows you to withdraw your savings in Account II to partially finance the purchase of a house either via:

  • Individual purchase; or
  • Joint purchase with spouse, family members or other individuals.

This withdrawal also allows you to purchase a house from a developer, an individual or public auction.


Withdrawal Eligibility
You are eligible to apply if you are:

  • A Malaysian citizen; or
  • A Permanent Resident; or
  • A Malaysian citizen who have withdrawn your savings under Leaving The Country Withdrawal before 1 August 1995 but subsequently returned and re-contribute to EPF; or
  • A Non-Malaysian citizen (Expatriate) who became a member of the EPF before 1 August 1998.

You need to have savings in your Account II and you must also have not reached 55 years of age on the date the application is received by the EPF.

Amount Eligible to Withdraw
You can withdraw your savings based on the following, whichever is lower:

  • Individual Purchase
    The difference between the price of the house and the housing loan
    with an additional 10% of the price of the house
    OR
    All balance available in Account II
  • Joint Withdrawal with Spouse, Family Members or Other Individuals
    The difference between the price of the house and the housing loan
    with an additional 10% of the price of the house
    OR
    All balance available in Account II of all applicants subject to the maximum eligible amount as stated above
    If you obtained a full housing loan (100%), you are eligible to withdraw as much as 10% of the price of the house OR all balance available in Account II, whichever is lower.

If you purchased a house by cash, you are eligible to withdraw as much as the price of the house with an additional 10% of the price of the house OR all balance available in Account II, whichever is lower.

You can choose to determine the amount you wish to withdraw from your savings in Account II, subject to the maximum amount you are entitled to withdrawal by completing "Surat Akujanji Pilihan Amaun Pengeluaran".

Frequency of Withdrawal
This withdrawal is only allowed for your first house only. However, if you have made a withdrawal previously to buy your first house and subsequently have sold the house, you may withdraw to buy a second house. Proof of sale of the first house must be produced.

After making this withdrawal, you are eligible to withdraw your savings to reduce / redeem the housing loan for the same house once a year.

EPF Withdrawal to Purchase a House

This withdrawal allows you to withdraw your savings in Account II to partially finance the purchase of a house either via:

  • Individual purchase; or
  • Joint purchase with spouse, family members or other individuals.

This withdrawal also allows you to purchase a house from a developer, an individual or public auction.


Withdrawal Eligibility
You are eligible to apply if you are:

  • A Malaysian citizen; or
  • A Permanent Resident; or
  • A Malaysian citizen who have withdrawn your savings under Leaving The Country Withdrawal before 1 August 1995 but subsequently returned and re-contribute to EPF; or
  • A Non-Malaysian citizen (Expatriate) who became a member of the EPF before 1 August 1998.

You need to have savings in your Account II and you must also have not reached 55 years of age on the date the application is received by the EPF.

Amount Eligible to Withdraw
You can withdraw your savings based on the following, whichever is lower:

  • Individual Purchase
    The difference between the price of the house and the housing loan
    with an additional 10% of the price of the house
    OR
    All balance available in Account II
  • Joint Withdrawal with Spouse, Family Members or Other Individuals
    The difference between the price of the house and the housing loan
    with an additional 10% of the price of the house
    OR
    All balance available in Account II of all applicants subject to the maximum eligible amount as stated above
    If you obtained a full housing loan (100%), you are eligible to withdraw as much as 10% of the price of the house OR all balance available in Account II, whichever is lower.

If you purchased a house by cash, you are eligible to withdraw as much as the price of the house with an additional 10% of the price of the house OR all balance available in Account II, whichever is lower.

You can choose to determine the amount you wish to withdraw from your savings in Account II, subject to the maximum amount you are entitled to withdrawal by completing "Surat Akujanji Pilihan Amaun Pengeluaran".

Frequency of Withdrawal
This withdrawal is only allowed for your first house only. However, if you have made a withdrawal previously to buy your first house and subsequently have sold the house, you may withdraw to buy a second house. Proof of sale of the first house must be produced.

After making this withdrawal, you are eligible to withdraw your savings to reduce / redeem the housing loan for the same house once a year.

Buying Your Dream House

So, you decided to buy a house. Good move, but there are a lot of factors you need to consider before deciding on what type of house to buy. Here are some suggestions that you may want to consider to ensure your house-buying experience is a smooth one.

Everybody has his or her own idea of a dream house but rule number one is to buy a house within your means. This is to avoid you from ending up in a difficult financial situation. It is advisable for you to come up with a budget based on the amount you can fork out to pay for the down payment and the amount you are willing to commit for your monthly loan payment. Factor in the amount you can withdraw from your EPF savings for this purpose. You also should know that a year after the first withdrawal, you are allowed to withdraw from your Account II EPF savings to reduce your housing loan on yearly basis.

You may want to note that apart from the down payment, you will also need to pay legal and stamping fees for your Sales and Purchase (S&P) as well as Housing Loan Agreements. These dues can be troublesome if you do not set aside enough money for them.

Once you have decided on the budget, you can start looking around for a suitable house. Remember, location of the house is another important factor. If you plan to stay in the house for a considerable length of time, then get a house in a location that you would feel comfortable to live at. But if you are buying the house for “investment” purposes, then a location where property values can appreciate rapidly is, perhaps, more appropriate.

You also have the option to either buy a new house from a developer or buy a completed one from its owner.

Perhaps, buying a brand new house is more desirable for most as the price is most likely at the lowest but you may have to wait for up to two years for the construction to complete. In the meantime, you would have to keep up with your monthly rent as well as service the interest on your loan periodically until the full loan is released (upon completion of the new house). Buying a completed house on the other hand, has less “waiting” time but you may have to set aside some money to carry out some repairs or renovation works.

Please take note that you cannot use your EPF savings to pay for repair and renovation works.

Then again, you may not find the house you like that fits your budget. You may decide to defer your purchase so that you can save more money (on your own and through EPF). It is up to you but you must also consider that prices of houses will also increase.

Alternatively, you may also lower your “expectation” and settle only for a house that you can afford now. It will not be so bad at all. You can sell the house later and use the proceeds to buy your dream house. You may be happy to note that EPF does allow members to make withdrawal to buy a second house, provided that you have sold the first house.